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“Mali’s invisible gold”, an analytical note on mirror statistics for artisanal gold

September 2026

The note compares the gold exports reported by Mali with the imports recorded by the United Arab Emirates and measures the gap between the two series.

Released under the banner of the HAKILI Institute, the note by Dr Soumaila LAH starts from an observation, namely that what the countries of destination report appears markedly higher than what Mali reports. It measures the gap over 2013⁠-⁠2022 and for 2024, and examines its implications for the traceability of artisanal production and for public revenue.

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